What Is a Topic Essay?

What Is a Topic Essay?What is a topic essay and why should you write one? Topic essays are written to help your writer get an idea of how to go about writing an essay that is interesting and engaging to read. This type of essay can be written for college level students or even high schoolers.In order to understand a topic better, it is necessary to first define what a topic essay is and the purpose behind it. A topic essay is used to highlight a particular topic that is of interest to the reader. This essay can serve as a summary of a body of writing and help writers come up with ideas for their future articles.Writing an essay on the topic you would like to cover is a good way to start. You may wish to write a series of essays on the same topic in order to prepare yourself for your senior year essay. If you choose a different topic every time you submit a topic essay, you will be able to differentiate your interests and know exactly what you are writing about. This makes it easier t o come up with unique content for each essay.By picking a different topic each time you submit a topic essay, you will be able to make sure that you are addressing the right kind of audience. Sometimes writers may do a little research before they start writing an essay. This is because they want to make sure that the reader will find something to appreciate in the material they are writing.Remember that it is important to test your comprehension skills with a reading comprehension test before you start writing. By knowing how well you know the material, you will be able to produce creative and interesting essay topics. Although this will take time, it will ensure that you are producing high quality content.It is also a good idea to keep an index of the titles of your writing so that you will know which material to include. This will save you the trouble of writing the title or a full paragraph when you do not have a specific idea of what it is you are trying to write about. It also allows you to ensure that your writing is organized and on point.There are many reasons to write a topic essay. It can be a great way to help prepare yourself for an essay for college or a refresher for a class that you took before graduating. By choosing the right topic and writing the proper content, you will be able to find a writing style that you enjoy, which in turn will improve your overall productivity and make you feel more confident.

Reflection Paper On Diversity - 1079 Words

1. Diversity is defined as â€Å"the condition of having or being composed of differencing elements† (Webster Dictionary). Through my clinical experiences I have seen a lot of diversity whether it be different ethnicity, the family culture/make-up or students living with disabilities in the classrooms. Specifically, in my urban clinicals I saw more ethnicity and culture diversity differences between student to student and student to teacher relationships. However, in my suburban school clinical experiences I also saw diversity, but in a different way. Here I saw much more diversity in family make-up. 2. Working as an after-school childcare supervisor I have encountered a variety of individuals and families with different experiences. One†¦show more content†¦When Kristina and Brandon got married they decided to open a CrossFit Prevail Gym in McHenry Illinois. Brandon dressed and went downstairs to eat breakfast then headed out the door to get to the gym to coach the 5am WOD class at the gym then head to his job afterward. When Brandon left it was 4:45am Kristina lied back down and fell back to sleep. When the second alarm went off at 6:45am Kristina found a little munchkin in bed with her it was Chase. He had snuck into her room to give her morning cuddles. After morning snuggles both Kristina and Chase got up and went to wake the girls for school. Running in and jumping on his sisters Chase finally awoke them and they all headed down stairs for breakfast. While all three children ate their cereal and watch cartoons. Kristina went up to take a quick shower and dress her self to take the kiddos to school. After finishing their cereal, the three children all went upstairs to get dressed. Madison the oldest dressed herself, made herself a lunch and packed her bag for school. As Madison was finishing packing her bag Makenna came down the stairs to pack her bag. After dressing Chase Kristina came down stairs to help her children. Kristina made Makenna a lunch and packed Chase a snack for preschool. â€Å"Get your shoes on† Kristina yelled as she turned off the lights and television. By the time that everyone got out of the house and into the carShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On Cultural Diversity1815 Words   |  8 PagesFinal Reflection Paper During this summer semester, I have learned many important skills concerning my internship at Retreat of Lancaster County. These skills can be divided into four categories - social and cultural diversity, helping relationships, group work, and assessment. Retreat of Lancaster County is an inpatient drug and alcohol rehabilitation center with both rehab and detox levels. At this location, I have been able work with patients entering recovery for alcohol use, heroin use, prescriptionRead MoreReflection Paper : Diversity Reflection Journal2144 Words   |  9 PagesDiversity Reflection Journal I had the pleasure of interviewing five great people that talk about their lives and how it all unfold before their eyes. Some shredded tears, laughed, took me on tours, and even shared photos of their lives. I had a great opportunity to share some background information about myself in so many ways, that most of them did not know that person lived in me. The five people that I interviewed were kept anonymous I have included their first initial, their full last name,Read MoreMulticultural Diversity Reflection Paper1796 Words   |  8 Pagesdevelopment. Week one really set the foundation for the course. I thought it was extremely important that we established why multiculturalism is important in clinical work. I expect many of my peers just like myself understood the importance of diversity in our field, but was not as well versed in how to incorporate multicultural practices into our work. An important part of establishing these practices is to first focus on self-assessment when it comes to issues of multiculturalism. This means checkingRead MoreCultural Diversity Reflection Paper1794 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Wikipedia defines cultural diversity as, â€Å"the quality of diverse or diverse cultures†¦ The phrase cultural diversity can also refer to having different cultures respect each other’s differences.† It is important to understand the importance of cultural diversity. Our country, jobs, and schools have a variety of cultures, races, and ethnic practices and groups. 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This paper includes examples and information regarding upholding the Ethics Code while using religion and spiritual reasoning in psychology. It addresses the issues of a multi-faith setting, information and research on omitting religion and spirituality as well as the importance of maintaining a bias view of any and all religious and spiritual values. This paper also identifies the benefitsRead MoreMy Personal Reflection Of Diversity1255 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper is going to cover my personal reflection of what diversity means to me. I will also discuss the messages I learned as a child about various minorities and majorities, and how my views have changed since then. I will describe a situation in which diversity directly influenced my life. This paper will also include reflection of the common read novel The Other Wes Moore One Name, Two Fates. I will detail how the main characters exp erienced diversity. I will give examples of how diversityRead MoreCulture Diversity And Diversity1639 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society the words culture, diversity and multicultural environments are used to support the idea of an inclusive organization. Adhering to federal and state mandates, in addition to maintaining a politically correct appearance with regards to culturally diverse organizations is the new normal. The purpose of this paper is to examine the definitions of culture, diversity and multiculturalism as well as provide some insight into the current standings around these topics as a nation and withinRead MoreWhat I Have Learned About Diversity Management1524 Words   |  7 PagesDiversity in the workplace has been a very knowledgeable course in which sometimes I have been challenged on my own thought process and beliefs. As I move forward in my studies and life I plan to expand my awareness of recognize my own ethnocentricities and respect the benefit s of other cultures diverse values and behaviors. As I make the move into management I plan on applying what I have learned about diversity management and how as stated in (Canas Sondak, 2014)creates not only a competitiveRead Morewhite privilege1595 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ White Privilege: Reflection Paper Northeastern State University Abstract This paper is about my reflection of White Privilege in the United States. I got my information from four resources. The first resource was the handout provided for this assignment; White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, by Peggy McIntosh. The second resource was the website, www.jstor.com. Access is provided via Northeastern State University as a resource for peer-reviewed articles. Thirdly

Cultural Event free essay sample

As a way of experiencing the Humanities beyond your classroom, computer, and textbook, you are asked to do a certain type of â€Å"cultural activity† that fits well with our course and then report on your experience. Your instructor will require you to propose an activity and get instructor approval before you do it and report on it (students should look for any instructions in that respect). Every effort should be made to ensure that this is a hands-on experience (not a virtual one), that this activity fits the HUM 111 class well, and that the activity is of sufficient quality for this university course. The two key types of activities are a museum visit or a performance. This is to be a report on an activity you do DURING our 11-week HUM111 course. Note: This must not be a report on the same activity (and certainly not the same report) as done for another class, like HUM 112. For instance, one might go to the same museum as done for HUM 112, but this HUM 111 report will focus on entirely different works and displays. 1. Visit a museum or gallery exhibition or attend a theater or musical performance before the end of Week 10. The activity (museum or performance) should have content that fits our course well. Make your proposed activity known to the instructor before doing it, and get his approval before doing it. Have fun doing this. 2. Write a two to three (2-3) page report (500-750 words) that describes your experience. Clearly identify the activity location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at there. Provide specific information and a description of at least two pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). Provide a summary of the event and describe your overall reaction after attending the event. Use at least the class text as a reference (additional sources are fine, not necessary unless required by your content). Your report should include connections you make between things observed in your activity and things learned in the course and text. Note: Submit your cultural event choice to the instructor for approval before the end of Week 5 (earlier is even better). Look for guidance from the instructor for how or where to make your proposal. You may also seek advice from your instructor (provide your town/state or zip code) for a good activity in your general area. FirstSubmit your cultural event choice to the instructor for approval before the end of Week 5 (earlier is better). Submit your topic choice to the discussion area designated for this called Assignment_3_Event_Choices; the link for this is near the bottom of the Student Center in our course shell; email is ok in some cases. Submit your topic choice by the Monday starting week 6 (by Monday, February 10). The earlier you get approval, the more time you have to plan and schedule doing the event or activity. The report itself is due by 9am ET on March 17. NOTE: If you are unsure of what museum or other event to propose to the instructor, ask him for helpask by email or the Private Questions tool or in the discussion area designated for this topic; identify your town and state when you do so. Your instructor has a lot of experience helping people come up with reasonable activities that are not too distant and fit the class material well. Broaden your horizons—do something you would not normally do. In general, it is expected that an effort will be made to do an event that fits well with the subject matter and time periods of our course (which covers from ancient times to about AD 1550); though in some cases this is not possible. Also, keep in mind that our focus is on the arts and literature, not so much political or military history. Your instructor can assist—ask if you need help finding an activity. SOURCES: This is more experience than book or online research. Part of the instruction requires the report to include specific dates and information about the event and location, and a report on a personal experience is based mainly on your observation, but that is included in the body of the report. Every report should be using at least the class text as one source for which they have a reference and one or more in-text citations. The need for referencing is limited in most cases to the class text, but certain types of activities can very well lead to needing to cite more sources. . An excellent report would make connections to things in the class text, and so would use in-text citing to specific things in the class text—and a reference to it at the end. Also, you can cite some background information that you find at other sources in print or online. Whatever sources you do use should be cited in the APA style with both in-text citations and a References) list at the end. But, keep in mind, most of your report is on what you see and hear doing this. There are events that might be exceptions, but this is the general approach here. Visiting a Museum It makes sense to approach a museum the way a seasoned traveler approaches visiting a city for the first time. Find out what there is available to see. In the museum, find out what sort of exhibitions are currently housed in the museum and start with the exhibits that interest you. If there is a travelling exhibition, it’s always a good idea to see it while you have the chance. Then, if you have time, you can look at other things in the museum. Every effort should be made ahead of time to identify a museum that has items and works one can easily connect to our HUM 111 class and book. Since HUM 111 covers from ancient times to the 1500s AD, it makes more sense to focus on items from that time frame. In general, museums with artistic cultural artifacts and fine arts work better than history museums. Any questions about whether a museum-visit activity fits the course and assignment well enough will be decided by the instructor when the student seeks approval for the activity. Any alternative activity outside the normal ones listed here, such as for those limited by disability or distance, will be determined by the instructor. Normally we do not expect students to travel over an hour to get to an approved activity. Make notes as you go through the museum and accept any handouts or pamphlets that the museum staff gives you. While you should not quote anything from the printed material when you do your report, the handouts may help to refresh your memory later. The quality of your experience is not measured by the amount of time you spend in the galleries or the number of works of art that you actually see. The most rewarding experiences can come from finding two (2) or three (3) pieces of art or exhibits which intrigue you and then considering those works in leisurely contemplation. Most museums even have benches where you can sit and study a particular piece. If you are having a difficult time deciding which pieces to write about, ask yourself these questions: (1) If the museum you are visiting suddenly caught fire, which two (2) pieces of art or exhibits would you most want to see saved from the fire? (2) Why would you choose those two (2) particular pieces? Attending a Performance Check your local colleges to see if there are any free or low-cost performances or student recitals. Student performances are generally of almost the same quality as professional performances, but typically cost much less. However, performances of high school level or lower will not meet this requirement. A performance that is relevant to a HUM 111 course is more difficult to find than a performance that would be relevant to HUM 112 (which covers from 1600 to the present). However, our course does cover Shakespeare and Greek tragedy and drama, so any performances of those will work. One can sometimes find music performances of music from the Renaissance or Reformation period, or even earlier. Any questions about whether a performance activity fits the course and assignment well enough will be decided by the instructor when the student seeks approval for an activity. Any alternative activity outside the normal ones listed here, such as for those limited by disability or distance, will be determined by the instructor. Normally we do not expect students to travel over an hour to get to an approved activity. Unlike visiting a museum, where you can wear almost anything, people attending performances are often expected to â€Å"dress up† a bit. Take a pen or pencil with you and accept the program you are offered by the usher; you will probably want to make notes on it during or after the performance. Turn off your cell phone before entering the auditorium. Do not use your phone to record the music or to take pictures or videos. To play it safe, turn the phone off. Most long musical performances have at least one (1) intermission. If the lights start blinking, it is a sign that the performance is about to begin. Look for very specific things (such as a particular piece of music or the way certain instruments sounded at a specific time) which tend to stand out as either enjoyable or not enjoyable. Be sure to make notes of the things which you find enjoyable as well as the things which are not enjoyable. If a student is unable to attend a cultural event in person due to circumstances beyond the student’s control, then the instructor will recommend an alternate event/activity for the student to â€Å"attend† online. The â€Å"virtual† event/activity is usually only for students who, due to their physical location or physical disability, cannot possibly attend an event/activity in person; typically, these students are stationed overseas or have no means of transportation. If you believe that you have a legitimate reason for attending a â€Å"virtual† activity, you must contact the instructor no later than Week 5 for your request to be considered. This happens, but it is rare. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides. For any sources used, use in-text citations in the APA format, and also have a References list in the APA format for those sources. Check with your professor for any additional instructions specific to the selected topic. Use paragraphing, and have the first line of each paragraph indented in 5 spaces. Do not do an abstract or abstract page for this paper; otherwise APA style is the guide. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name (H. Stansbury), the course title (HUM111), and the date. The cover page and the reference(s) page are not included in the calculation of the papers length. The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Explain the importance of situating a society’s cultural and artistic expressions within a historical context. Examine the influences of intellectual, religious, political, and socio-economic forces on social, cultural, and artistic expressions Use technology and information resources to research issues in the study of world cultures. Write clearly and concisely about world cultures using proper writing mechanics. Grading for this assignment will be based on the papers quality in terms of content, following of instructions, logic/organization, and language and writing skills; the grading will do this using the following university-designed rubric. The actual rubric will be a clickable rubrican electronic rubric with points. A link to a scored clickable rubric will appear as part of your gradebook feedback. Points: 100 Assignment 3: Cultural Activity Report Criteria Unacceptable Below 60% F Meets Minimum Expectations 60-69% D Fair 70-79% C Proficient 80-89% B Exemplary 90-100% A 1. Clearly identify the event location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at the event. Weight: 15% Did not submit or incompletely identified the event location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at the event. Insufficiently identified the event location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at the event. Partially identified the event location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at the event. Satisfactorily identified the event location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at the event. Thoroughly identified the event location, date attended, the attendees, and your initial reaction upon arriving at the event. 2. Provide specific information and a description of at least two (2) pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). Weight: 25% Did not submit or incompletely provided specific information and a description of at least two (2) pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). Insufficiently provided specific information and a description of at least two (2) pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). Partially provided specific information and a description of at least two (2) pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). Satisfactorily provided specific information and a description of at least two (2) pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). Thoroughly provided specific information and a description of at least two (2) pieces (e. g. , art, exhibits, music, etc. ). 3. Provide a summary of the event and describe your overall reaction after attending the event. Weight: 40% Did not submit or incompletely provided a summary of the event. Did not submit or incompletely described your overall reaction after attending the event. Insufficiently provided a summary of the event. Insufficiently described your overall reaction after attending the event. Partially provided a summary of the event. Partially described your overall reaction after attending the event. Satisfactorily provided a summary of the event. Satisfactorily described your overall reaction after attending the event. Thoroughly provided a summary of the event. Thoroughly described your overall reaction after attending the event. 4. Clarity, writing mechanics, referencing, and formatting requirements. Weight: 20%

The Ethical Issues in Financial Management

Financial managers play a dynamic role in an organization. As a matter of fact, the main duties of financial managers are to make decisions regarding investments and manage the financial portfolio. The decisions are not about which securities to hold but what business opportunities to pursue and finance (Van Horne Wachowicz 2).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Ethical Issues in Financial Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ethical issues in financial management fall into two main categories, which include ethical obligation or duties of financial managers of a corporation and ethical justification for organizing a corporation with shareholder’s control (Weaver Weston 13). The former category is based on the decisions made by financial managers in fulfilling the financial function of a corporation. It involves the fiduciary duties of the financial managers to a corporation and its shar eholders (Weaver Weston 13). The financial manager’s ethics is based on widely accepted codes of conduct (Weaver Weston 13). A financial manager must be trusted by the company’s stakeholders; he/she must conduct his/her duties with integrity and exercise fairness to all the stakeholders (Weaver Weston 13). A reputation of integrity enables a financial manager to attract other employees to believe in the company’s vision and work towards implementing the company’s objectives (Weaver Weston 13). Self interest by financial mangers usually leads to greed and selfishness. If this greed is left to dominate an individual’s thinking, it usually causes a disorder known as ‘accumulation-fever’. It, therefore, makes a financial manger start indulging in illegal deals at his/her work place so as to accumulate his/her own wealth. The focus of such a type of a financial manager shifts from the long-term company objectives to the short-term indiv idual objectives (Lynch 148). Financial managers are always supposed to be trusted by the company’s shareholders and their colleagues. Self interest that is a form of unethical behavior can create a great loss to a company (Lynch 148). Financial managers are always entitled to a salary package for the services they offer to a company, but the company does not allow them to use the company finances for their own selfish reasons (Lynch 148).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This form of behavior will cause a company to make huge loses or even collapse. It can also lead to loss of confidence in the company’s management by the junior employees (Lynch 148). Olympus, a world renowned Electronics Company, was reported to have engaged in a big financial statement fraud (Tabuchi 1). This report was published by New York Times newspaper on November 7, 2011 on page B1 . The paper indicated that the economic fraud committed by Olympus could be one of the biggest financial frauds of the past decade (Tabuchi 1). On November 8, 2011, Olympus management reported that more than one billion dollars payouts were utilized to finance mergers with other companies. The paper also reported that the company issued a statement which said that the money which had been alleged to have been paid for the mergers had in fact been utilized to mask heavy losses made since 1990 (Tabuchi 1). The investigative panel revealed that Olympus had made 687 million dollars in fees to pay an obscure financial adviser over its acquisition of ‘Gyrus’ in the year 2008 (Tabuchi 1). In fact, that amount of money was roughly a third of the two billion dollars acquisition price (Tabuchi 1). Works Cited Lynch, James. Banking and finance: managing the moral dimension, Cambridge: Gresham Books, 2004. Print. Tabuchi, Hiroko. â€Å"Olympus Hid Investing Losses in Big Merger Pa youts,† New York Times 7 Nov. 2011: 1. nytimes.com. Web. Van Horne, James C. and John Martin Wachowicz. Fundamentals of financial management. 13 ed. Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 2008. Print.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Ethical Issues in Financial Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Weaver, Samuel and Fred Weston. Strategic financial management: applications of corporate finance, Ohio: Mason Publishers, 2008. Print. This assessment on The Ethical Issues in Financial Management was written and submitted by user Esther Wilkins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of Relationship Marketing Essays

History of Relationship Marketing Essays History of Relationship Marketing Paper History of Relationship Marketing Paper Since the early beginnings of the formalization of the modern industries a need for a sales approach that addresses the specific requirements of different industries from their suppliers’ side emerged. In the early stages all efforts in this arena were individual, not formulated and depend largely on the situation, personal influences and relations. 2. 1. 1The past As early as late 19th century and the beginnings of the 20th century the need to serve mass markets started to influence, and sometimes burden, the industrial community. This situation was driven by, as well as driving at many cases, the advancements in technology and production capabilities of industries across the board. This created a production driven environment where whoever can produce and supply will be selling and profitably. By mid 20th century (post WWII) the production driven scene was changing; technological advancements pace was getting faster and the world started to see products that have comparable performance, specifications, and simply serves the purpose and this created what we know now as commoditization and fired the first bullet in modern price wars. Producers realised this shift and started to concentrate on sales and marketing activities on their quest to capture bigger market share and ensure continuity and profitability. Again there was an upwards trend in the sales and marketing theories and concept evolution, the same what happened with production earlier. This trend was driven by, and again driving at many cases, how markets perceive products and react towards certain approach. Till this point in time marketers and academics were not distinguishing between consumer markets and industrial markets; serving mass markets was the main focus. As O’Malley and Patterson (1998) note ‘there was a great need to formalize marketing; to guarantee that it worked every time’. In 1954 Borden introduced what is considered to be an early version of what we know now as the marketing management mix; a 12 variable list that marketers would have to consider in any specific circumstance of market encounter and translate them to an integrated marketing program. By 1960 McCarthy reconstructed the original variables of Borden into our well-known 4P’s framework (Price – Product – Placement – Promotion). Although this model has been heavily questioned and criticized for the fact that it is an oversimplification of market realities which is by definition complex, the same simple nature of the 4Ps ensured its increasing popularity and the rise of the ‘Marketing Mix’ theory. As a result of consolidating it under the (P) of ‘Promotion’, sales also followed the same transactional paradigm of marketing and the focus was on the transactional nature of the customer encounter; simply finishing the sales transaction in favour of the product was the target. Other marketing theories that was developed within the same period of time and took different approaches than the transactional one had no chance for survival due to the dominance of the marketing mix theory. The marketing mix (transactional theory) was developed in rather specific circumstance; it was developed in the United States to address the consumer goods markets in post (WWII) period, so it was tailored based on the needs and conditions of a specific geographical market, a specific segment, and a specific time zone with very high growth rates. Primarily, criticism originated from people operating within environments that are different from those that influenced the development of the theory, for example from Europe, especially the Nordic school, and from marketers working within the industrial (business-to-business) and service sectors. As time passed and markets evolved, pressure on the marketing mix theory started to come from the United States itself. The intra-market competition intensified considerably as the number of firms increased and the consumer goods markets changed from a growth status to one of maturity. Firms had to battle for an unvarying number of customers within markets that were becoming increasingly saturated with products. This uncovered transactional marketing as a theory and an approach developed out of growth, not stagnation or super-competitiveness, and that it was showing as not fitting in numerous, but perhaps not all, situations. Later, and in order to provide the transactional theory with dimensions to cope with the changing scene, scholars started to add elements to the mix that followed the same 4Ps legacy. Other Ps were added (public relations and politics (Kotler, 1986); people, physical evidence and process (Booms and Bitner, 1982); people (Judd, 1987); preservation (LeDoux, 1991), and some went out of the (P) way and added terms like the 4Cs (Kotler, 1991) and S 2Cs (Berry, 1990). All these attempts were only expanding on the existing approach rather than challenging the conceptual foundation of transactional marketing. In industrial and services environments the practice of transactional marketing was limiting to companies capabilities. Marketing department within a typical organizational structure has key responsibilities of market analysis, advertising, sales promotion, pricing, packaging design and distribution, where it is expected to align and integrate all other functions of the business while the reality in most cases is that ‘the rest of the organisation is alienated from marketing, and the marketers are isolated from design, production, deliveries, technical service, complaints handling, and other activities of the firm’ (Gronroos, 1994). In this context, and within an industrial (B2B) firm, the sales force should be programmed to deliver solutions designed by the ‘alienated’ marketing department while in fact they should be advocating the firm to design solutions based on customer needs since they are in direct contact with the customer, and on the other hand advocate the customer on the best fitting solution to his case based on his needs not on the firm’s marketing or production capabilities. Under the transactional approach, the sales force was required to understand the company competences (4Ps) and communicate them to their customers in order to convince with the importance of the purchase and how their offering fits the customer needs. The main qualifications of a salesperson then would be good presentational skills and in some cases sound technical knowledge if he is selling a product that involve a technical dimension. This was by far overlooking what the customer really needs, instead this approach wanted to bend the customer to fit the offering (product/service). At the end the transactional paradigm became a practice that is not a customer oriented approach to business but rather a product oriented one (Gronroos, 1994). 2. 1. 2The rise or relationship marketing By the 70s of the 20th century, the differential in the needs and the purpose of buyer-seller exchange between consumer markets and B2B markets was obvious and initiated an approach were customer retention and long-term relationship are the goal for marketing. Customers in B2B (unlike consumer markets) are limited in number and with much more sophisticated requirements and in so many cases require a tailor made solution as far as their product/service is concerned, and in so many cases the customer is an active part of the exchange where his/her opinions and needs have to be integrated within the solution rather than being delivered a standardized offering. And also, while the marketing objectives were met at the point of exchange in transactional marketing, B2B and services firms were looking to extend the relationship and ensure a continuous flow of business from their customers. Relationship marketing emerged as an alternative paradigm to transactional, where marketing efforts focus on attracting, maintaining and improving customer relationships rather than just attracting customers and making the exchange. The sales function under this new paradigm has a totally new role of relationship management where the sales force focus is to initiate, develop and enhance customers’ relationships rather than simply delivering the company offerings. In their attempt to formulate a framework for companies to adopt to be able to engage in relationship marketing, academics presented numerous theories and models in the beginning that placed transactional marketing on one side of the marketing continuum and relationship marketing on the other side and defined them as opposites. The speculation was that the new paradigm will replace the old one, and that the alternative paradigms have to be competitive when employing them into the practice rather than complementary; they simply cannot coexist. With time and more work in this area, the views changed into more developed thoughts and scholars saw that these paradigms can be used as moderators to each other where in some situations the transactional paradigm would be more effective (like in consumer goods) but utilizing relationship marketing will assist in the development of bonds and thus creation of competitive advantage. Looking on to B2B and service sectors we will notice that most of the attention generated was towards the sales function as the core for relationship building. In these sectors the one-on-one encounter is the dominating event for exchange between the buyer company and the seller company (and in many cases the only event), thus utilizing the encounter to build a long-term relationship was the focus of many literature addressing this approach. Salespeople under the new rationale are required to engage in relations and not in exchange events and nurture it and enhance it over time. This relational approach not just transformed how the salespeople work but as well highlighted some new requirements for how a salesperson profile should be and consequently how in this new environment sales management eflect the new approach and encourage it. For example working in teams including other salespeople and probably members from production, RD, supply chain, and even marketing is the approach that helps full engagement in the customer situation by the company. This requires that ‘salespeople must be orchestrators of their companies’ resourc es, directing the necessary information and expertise to solve customers’ problems and fully develop joint opportunities’ (Ingram, 1996). This requires that salespeople should be team and customer oriented to be able to perform their new role and that sales management encourage the team performance and reward it. As well sales people are required to transform into relationship managers where their main goal is to maintain long-term profitable relationships. This requires a different set of behaviours and personal qualities than that of the earlier short-term sales revenue oriented ones. Again this has its own implications of sales management where it is asked to reword not just the short-term tangible revenue but also the long-term relationship building efforts that is in most cases intangible. Under relationship marketing paradigm salespeople transformed into consultants who help their customers achieve their strategic goals. This approach to markets has been adopted by major corporations like DuPont, Starbucks, IBM, Dell, HP, 3M and Siemens among others, and the progress made by these leading sales organizations sends a clear message to others that relationship selling works and it will continue to do in the future.

Prospectus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Prospectus - Essay Example One of the most asked questions among several professional Historians is how the women gained the voting rights in 1893. Why didn’t they get the freedom rights in 1877 after putting all efforts pressurizing the then Colorado political rulers? Some Historians refer to the most popular theory â€Å"Myth of the Frontier† in explaining the concepts2. According to this theory, the Western women enjoyed their independence, freedom, and democracy to the maximum level during the 1870s, especially in the 1876. More reasons and answers came from certain individuals who asserted some of the Colorado Politicians granted and favored women suffrage in order to create for themselves a good image sin the political field. Another explanation or view is that the Colorado men never granted the women rights to vote such easily. They, however, fought political war; organized among themselves as suffragists with several goals, one of which the right to vote3. This argument tends to explain w hy these women never achieved gained the rights in 1877 despite their struggle. Colorado women remain in pride over the achievements of their early great grandmothers of the 19th century. The above three reasons explaining how the women achieved their independence can be discussed widely to give more and pithy explanations concerning the endlessly asked

Law discussions (2) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Law discussions (2) - Assignment Example Another element is offer, which every manager should know is a specifically, clearly asserted proposition (Margolies, 2007). A manager needs to have a complete understanding of the UCC in the state in which he or she conducts business. This is because the UCC is a detailed canon of laws that lead commercial dealings amongst states in the United States (Legal Information Institute, n.d.). Since managerial dealings involve borrowing funds, letting equipment, setting up contracts, and selling products and services, a clear picture of the UCC within the given state is mandatory to avoid legal mishaps. One practice managers in most industries can take to protect the privacy of their employees and customers is knowing the type and amount of personal data the business deals with (Foege, 2013). Secondly, knowing the organization’s duties and risks is essential mostly to employee privacy. A third practice is involving top management in building a privacy strategy for its staff and clients. Fourthly, forming a game plan that entails a privacy committee inside the organization is encouraged. Lastly, introducing oversight of the privacy program to customers and staff members is critical to their privacy (Foege, 2013). I see personal responsibility and accountability fitting into product liability in the sense that limited liability companies have a second cover of liability defense that shields the enterprise from any personal litigation that might affect it. Foege, A. (2013). 7 Best Privacy Practices for Companies Managing Customer Data. Data Informed. Retrieved from